“Job Calls His Children”: Critical Historical Study of Job's Piety in Job 1:1-5
Keywords:
Bible, Critical Historical Studies, Book of Job
Abstract
Through an interpretation process using the historical-critical interpretation method of the text and context of Job 1:1-5, it was found that "Job's action in calling his children is an affirmation of Job's piety which can be used as a biblical basis for criticizing contemporary family life" was declared proven. There are several reasons that support this hypothesis, firstly, the text of Job 1:1-5 is the prologue to the Book of Job which is in prose and contains an undeniable confirmation of Job's piety. This text provides a basis for readers to view the narrative of the entire Book of Job, in a picture of piety, both in its prosperity and its suffering. So it is clear that the narrative about how Job treated his children is also clear evidence of Job's piety. The narrative of Job's piety makes the issue of children the main issue because children are the highest blessing that Job received from God as well as proof that Job is the owner of true wisdom, because in the old idea pious people are said to have their own share, and Job has a share in prosperity too. obtain the highest blessing from Allah, namely children, who are even perfect in terms of numbers. In addition, the relationship between Job and his children is used by the narrator to describe the perfection of Job's piety. The issue of children is also intended to answer issues of concern that occurred during the time the text was edited, namely the post-exilic period, where the editors tried to emphasize the identity of children as heirs which must be taken seriously, because all traditions and agreements with Allah will be passed on through them, this is why the issue Raising children is important, especially because the environment is mixed with other nations who do not know God.
References
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72. Redford, Donald B., The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt (Volume I), New York : Oxford University Press, 2001
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2. Achtemeier, Paul J., Bible Dictionary, New York: Harper Collins, 1996.
3. Alter, Robert, The Wisdom Books, London : W. W. Norton & Company, 2010.
4. Arnold, Bill T. dan Bryan E. Beyer, Encountering the Old Testament, A Christian Survey, Michigan : Baker Books, 1984.
5. Baker, F.L., Sejarah Kerajaan Allah, Jakarta : BPK Gunung Mulia, 2010.
6. Barus, Armand, Surat Kolose, Jakarta : BPK Gunung Mulia, 2017.
7. Bias, Mona P., dan Larry J. Waters, The Book of Job Asia Bible Commentary Series, Manila: Asia Theological Assosiation, 1973.
8. Bierbrier, Morris L., Historical Dictionary of Ancient Egypt second edition, USA : Scarecrow Press, 2008.
9. Blommendal, J. Pengantar Kepada Perjanjian Lama, Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2007.
10. Boda, Mark J., dan J. Gordon McConville, Dictionary of the Old Testament Prophets, USA : Intervarsity Press, 2012.
11. Boss, Jeffrey, Human Consciousness of God in the Book of Job, London : T&T Clark, 2010.
12. Botterweck, G. Johannes dan Helmer Ringgren, Theological Dictionary Of The Old Testament, Volume II, Grand Rapids : William B. Eerdmans publishing Co, 1975.
13. Theological Dictionary Of The Old Testament, Volume IX, Grand Rapids : William B. Eerdmans publishing Co, 1998.
14. Theological Dictionary Of The Old Testament, Volume VI, Grand Rapids : William B. Eerdmans publishing Co, 1975.
15. Theological Dictionary Of The Old Testament, Volume XI, Grand Rapids : Wm B. Eerdmans publishing Co, 2001.
16. Theological Dictionary Of The Old Testament, Volume XII, Grand Rapids : Wm B. Eerdmans publishing Co, 2001.
17. Theological Dictionary Of The Old Testament, Volume XV, Grand Rapids : William B. Eerdmans publishing Co, 1975.
18. Bratcher, Robert G., dan Eugene A. Nida, Surat-surat Paulus kepada Jemaat di Kolose dan kepada Filemon, Jakarta : LAI, 2022.
19. Brown, Colin, The New Dictionary Of New Testament Theology Vol.1, Michigan : Regency, 1975
20. The New Dictionary of New Testament Theology Vol. 2, Michigan : Regency, 1975.
21. Browning, W.R.F., Kamus alkitab, Jakarta : BPK Gunung Mulia, 2007.
22. Bruce, F.F, The Epistles to the colossians, to philemon, and to ephaeians, Michigan : William B. Eerdmans, 1984.
23. Bruce, F.F. dkk, Nellson’s Illustrated Bible Dictionary, USA : Thomas Nellson’s Publisher,1986.
24. Clarrie, Marrie, Ayub, Jakarta : BPK Gunung Mulia, 2016.
25. Clines, David J.A, Word Biblical Commentary, Job 1-20, Dallas : Word Books Publisher, 1989.
26. Delitzsch, F. Biblical Commentary on the Book Of Job, Michigan : WM. B. Eerdmans, 1949.
27. Departeman Pendidikan Nasional, Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta : Gramedia, 1990.
28. Douglas, J.D Ensiklopedi Alkitab Masa Kini, jilid I, Jakarta : Yayasan Komunikasi Bina Kasih, 2016.
29. Driver dan Gray, The International Critical Commentary of Job, Eidenburgh : T&T Clark, 1921.
30. Dunn, James D.G. dan John W. Rogerson, Commentary on the bible, Michigan : Eerdmans, 2003.
31. Eissfeldt, Otto, The Old Testament, The History of the Formation of the Old Testament, New York : Harper and Row,1965.
32. Estes, Daniel J., JOB, Michigan : Baker Books, 2013.
33. Fokkelman, Jan P., The Book of Job in Form, Boston : Brill Academic, 2012.
34. Freedman, David Noel, The Anchor Yale Bible Dictionary, Sidney : Doubleday,1992.
35. Gaebelein, Frank E. The Expositor’s Bible Commentary, Michigan : Regency, 1984.
36. Gertz, Jan Christian, dkk., Purwapustaka, Jakarta : BPK Gunung Mulia, 2017.
37. Goldingay, John, An Introduction to The Old Testament: Exploring Text, Approaches, and Issues, USA: InterVarsity Press, 2015.
38. Grant, Robert dan David Tacy, Sejarah Singkat Penafsiran Alkitab, Jakarta : BPK Gunung Mulia, 2000.
39. Gray, John, The Book Of Job, Sheffield : Sheffield Phoenix Press, 2010.
40. Greidanus, Sidney, The Modern Preacher and The Ancient Text: Interpreating and Preaching Biblical Literature, Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1988.
41. Habel, Norman C., The book Of Job, London : Cambridge University Press, 1975.
42. Hale, Leonardo Jujur Terhadap Pietisme, Menilai Kembali Reputasi Pietisme dalam Gereja-Gereja Indonesia, (Jakarta : BPK Gunung Mulia), 1996.
43. Harrison, Roland Kenneth, Introduction to the old testament, with a comprehensive review of old testament studies and a special supplement on the apocrypha, Grand Rapids, 1969.
44. Hartley, John E., The Book Of Job, Michigan : William B. Eerdmans, 1988.
45. Hasting, James, Dictionary Of the Bible, New York : Charles Scribners Sons,1909.
46. Hayes, John H., dan Carl R. Holladay, Pedoman Penafsiran Alkitab, Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2016.
47. Henry, Matthew Matthew Henry’s Commentary on the whole bible Vol. III-Job to Song of Salomon, Peabody : Hendrickson Publisher, 1991
48. Hone, Ralph E., The Voice Out Of the Whirlwind : The Book Of Job, California : Chandler Publishing, 1960.
49. Huria Kristen Batak Protestan, Agenda HKBP, Pematang Siantar : Percetakan HKBP, 2002.
50. Hutauruk, J.R Lahir, Berakar dan Bertumbuh di dalam Kristus, Tarutung : kantor Pusat HKBP, 2011.
51. Hutauruk, J.R., Menghargai Dokumen Sejarah Gereja, Medan : LAPiK, 2016.
52. Irawan, Handi, Presentasi “Temuan hasil survei spiritualitas generasi muda Kristen Indonesia” dalam Laporan Survei Generasi Muda, Jakarta : Bilangan Research Center, 2018.
53. Janzen, J. Gerald, Job, Atlanta : John Knox Press, 1985.
54. John gray, Children are From Heaven, Jakarta : Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2001.
55. Kelle, Brad E. dkk., Interpreting Exile: Displacement and Deportation in Biblical and Modern Contexts, Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature, 2011.
56. Knight, Douglas A. Methods Of Biblical Interpretation, USA: Abingdon Press, 2004.
57. Krenz, Edgar, The Historical-Critical Method, Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1975.
58. Kushner, Harold S., The Book of Job, When Bad Things Happened to a Good Person, New York : Schocken Books, 2012.
59. LaSor, W.S, dkk, Pengantar perjanjian lama 2, Jakarta : BPK Gunung Mulia, 2011.
60. Lasor, William Sanford, dkk., Old Testament Survey: The Message, Form, and Background of The Old Testament (Second Edition), Grandrapids Michigan: William B. Eerdmans, 1996.
61. Law,David R., The Historical Critical, a guide for the perplexed, London : T&T Clark, 2012.
62. Leick, Gwendolyn, Historical Dictionary of Mesopotamia, USA : Scarecroe Press, 2003.
63. Luther, Martin, Katekhismus Kecil.
64. Matthew, Victor H., dan Don C. Benjamin, Old Testament Paralles, laws and stories from the Ancient Near East, New York : Paulist Press, 1991.
65. Mickelsen, A. Berkeley, Interpreting The Bible, Michigan : Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company,1976.
66. Miller, Madeleine S., dan J. Iane Miller, Harper’s Bible Dictionary (New Yok : Harper and Grow Publisher,1973.
67. Nelson, Richard D., Judges, a critical and rhetorical commentary, London : T&T Clark, 2017.
68. Noth, Marthin, The History Of Israel, London : Adam & Charles Black, 1958.
69. Pelham, Abigael, Contested Creations in the Book of Job, the world as it ought and ought not to be, Boston : Brill, 2012.
70. Power, Mark Allan, Introducing the New Testament, Michigan : Baker Academic,1953.
71. Ramey, Merril F., Unger’s Bible Dictionary, Chicago : Moody Press, 1966.
72. Redford, Donald B., The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt (Volume I), New York : Oxford University Press, 2001
73. Rowley, H.H, Job, Great Britain : Thomas Nelson & Sons, 1970.
74. Seemiller, Corey dan Meghan Grace, Generation Z, a century in the making, London : Routledge, 2019.
75. Seow, C.L, Job 1-20, The interpretation and Commentary, Michigan : Wm. B. Eerdmans, 2013.
76. Sitompul, A.A., dan Ulrich Beyer, Metode Penafsiran Alkitab, Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2017.
77. Stillman, David dan Jonah Stillman, Gen Z Work, How the next Generation Is Transforming the Workplace, New York : Harper Collins, 2017.
78. Sutanto, Hasan Hermeneutik : Prinsip dan Metode Penafsiran, Malang : Seminari Alkitab Asia Tenggara,1986.
79. Tanbunaan, Gideon Imanto, Presentasi Hasil temuan survei nasional dari Bilangan Research Center (BRC), Bilangan Research, 2021.
80. Telnoni, J.A., Kejadian Pasal 1-11, Jakarta : BPK Gunung Mulia, 2017.
81. Telnoni, J.A., Tafsir Alkitab Kontekstual Okumenis, Jakarta : BPK Gunung Mulia, 2007.
82. Tenney, Merril C., The Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia Of The Bible, Volume 1, Michigan : Zondervan Publishing house, 1975.
83. Terrien, Samuel, “The Book Of Job” The Interpreter’s Bible, Nashville : The Parthenon Press, 1954.
84. Vicchio, Stephen J., The Book of Job, a history of interpretation and a commentary, Eugene: Wipf & Stock, 2020.
85. Wenham, Gordon, Word Biblical Commentary Genesis 16-20, Colombia : Word, Incorporated, 1994.
86. Wiersbe, Warren W., The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, Canada : David C. Cook, 2007.
87. Williams, C.J., The Shadows of Christ in the Book of Job, Oregon : Wiph & Stock, 2017.
Published
2022-08-28
How to Cite
Sukanto Limbong, Ricardo Sisco Turnip, Vinance Geovani Anna Sihombing, & Pahala Simanjuntak. (2022). “Job Calls His Children”: Critical Historical Study of Job’s Piety in Job 1:1-5. Central Asian Journal of Literature, Philosophy and Culture, 3(8), 130-145. Retrieved from https://cajlpc.centralasianstudies.org/index.php/CAJLPC/article/view/1123
Section
Articles
