Teaching Using RAFT Strategy and Its Effect on the Acquisition of Science Processes among Students of the Second Grade of Secondary School in Physics
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of teaching using the RAFT strategy on the acquisition of science processes among second-grade secondary school students in physics. Al-Warkaa Secondary School for Boys in Baghdad was selected as the study site, with a sample comprising 60 students divided equally into experimental and control groups. Prior to the experiment, the researcher ensured the equivalence of the groups in terms of chronological age, IQ, previous knowledge, and science operations acquisition test scores. A validated and reliable test of science processes was administered to both groups, and statistical analysis, including the t-test, was conducted to assess the results. The findings indicate that the RAFT strategy significantly enhances the acquisition of science processes among students in the experimental group compared to the control group in the context of physics. The study offers recommendations and proposals based on the results.
References
S. A. T. Al-Qaisi, “The Effect of the Problem-Centered Learning Strategy on the Acquisition of Basic Physical Concepts and Science Processes among Second Grade Middle School Students,” Master’s Thesis, College of Basic Education, Mustansiriya University, 2012.
A. H. H. Maha, “The Effect of the RAFT Strategy on the Achievement of Fifth Grade Bioscientific Female Students in Chemistry,” Master’s Thesis, Faculty of Education, Iraqi University, 2018.
A. M. Zaitoun, Basics of Teaching Science, 1st ed. Amman: Dar Al-Shorouk Publishing, 1999.
N. S. K. Khader, “Directorate Of Education Major General Bani Kinana’s Primary Eighth Grade Mathematics Teachers’ Trends Towards The Use Of Blended Education From Their Viewpoint,” J. Posit. Sch. Psychol., vol. 6, no. 1s, pp. 39–50, 2022.
S. Khasawneh, A. Omari, and A. M. Abu-Tineh, “The relationship between transformational leadership and organizational commitment: The case for vocational teachers in Jordan,” Educ. Manag. Adm. Leadersh., vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 494–508, 2012.
A. bin K. Umbu Saidi and S. bin M. Al-Balushi, Methods of Teaching Science: Concepts and Practical Applications, 1st ed. Amman, Jordan: Al-Masirah Publishing House, 2009.
M. A.-S. Ali, Encyclopedia of Educational Terminology, 1st ed. Amman: Al-Masirah Publishing House, 2011.
M. bin H. Al-Shammari, Strategy in Active Learning, 1st ed. Saudi Arabia: Ministry of Education, 2011.
I. A. R. Maaytah and others, Geology Teacher’s Guide for the Eleventh Grade, 1st ed. United Arab Emirates: Ministry of Education, 2011.
Y. F. Alwan and others, Scientific Concepts and Strategies for their Education, 1st ed. Baghdad: Scientific Books House for Printing and Publishing, 2014.
A. bin K. Umbu Saidi and H. bin A. Al-Hussainah, Active Learning Strategies, 1st ed. Amman: Al-Masirah Publishing House, 2016.
K. A. H. Zaitoun, Science Teaching Methods, 1st ed. Amman: Al-Shorouk Publishing House, 2008.
F. Younis and others, Fundamental Curricula, Components, Organizations, 1st ed. Amman, Jordan: Dar Al-Fikr, 2003.
A. H. Hardan, “The relationship between science processes and scientific trends among primary school students and the extent to which they acquire them,” J. Fac. Educ., vol. 23, no. 1, 2016.
F. M. R. H. Al-Rubaie, “The Effect of Using the Learning Course Model in the Development of Basic Science Processes and Achievement among Second grade middle school students in Physics,” Master’s Thesis, Faculty of Education, University of Babylon, 2008.
K. Shawheen, Developing Thinking Skills in Learning Science, 1st ed. Amman: Dar Al-Masirah Publishing, 2003.
A. Najdi and others, Modern Methods, Methods and Strategies in the Art of Teaching Science, 2nd ed. Cairo: Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi, 2006.
K. Shawheen and others, Developing Creative Thinking in Science and Mathematics Using Science Fiction, 1st ed. Amman: Al-Masirah Publishing House, 2009.
A. Najdi and others, Modern Methods, Methods and Strategies in Teaching Science, 1st ed. Cairo: Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi, 2003.
M. A.-S. Ali, Scientific Education and Science Teaching, 2nd ed. Amman: Dar Al-Masirah Publishing, 2007.
K. A. H. Zaitoun, Teaching Science for Understanding: A Constructivist Vision. Cairo, Egypt: World of Books, 2002.
S. A. Q. Al-Fartousi, “The Effect of the RAFT Strategy on the Development of Creative Expression Skills among Fifth Grade Literary Students,” Master’s Thesis, Faculty of Education, Mustansiriya University, 2018.
A. R. H. Al-Ameri, “The Effect of Teaching with the Hands-on Strategy in the Achievement of Second Grade Students in Science and Science Operations,” Master’s Thesis, Faculty of Basic Education, Mustansiriya University, 2020.
S. J. Al-Asadi and S. A. Fares, Scientific Research Methods in Educational and Psychological Sciences, 1st ed. Amman, Jordan: Dijlah Library, 2015.
R. Duran, The Basics of Measurement and Evaluation in Teaching Science. Irbid, Amman: Dar Al-Awwal, 1985.
N. B. K. A. Al-Sindi, “The effect of the integration of the hot chair and the one-minute paper on the achievement of human rights among students of the Faculty of Education and the development of their positive thinking,” J. Fac. Educ. Educ. Sci., 2015.
R. M. Razouki and S. I. A. Karim, Thinking and its Types, Part 1. Baghdad: College Library for Printing and Publishing, 2013.
A. G. Jarrar, “Positive thinking of Good citizenship culture: From the Jordanian universities students’ points of view,” Int. Educ. Stud., vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 183–193, 2013.
K. A. H. Zaitoun, “The extent of the acquisition of science processes among students of the basic stage in Jordan and its relationship with the variables of the classroom and educational achievement,” J. Educ. Sci. Stud., no. 2, 2008.
A. Abu Zaid, The Creative Phenomenon, 1st ed., vol. 15. Kuwait: World of Thought for Publishing, 1985.
A. J. I. Al-Zobaie and M. A. Al-Ghanim, Research Methods in Education. Baghdad: Baghdad University Press, Ministry of Higher Education, 1981.
