Demographic Changes in Arab Societies
Abstract
This study dealt with demographic changes in Arab societies and their impact on social and economic aspects. Fertility rates, migration, and age composition of populations were analyzed in five Arab countries (Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Iraq, Tunisia, and Lebanon). The results showed that countries with high fertility rates face pressure on resources and employment, while countries with low fertility rates suffer from the phenomenon of population ageing. The study also highlighted the role of migration in shaping population distribution, with some countries experiencing brain drain while others benefit from expatriate labor. The study found the need to adopt comprehensive policies to manage demographic changes, with a focus on education, the labor market, and health care to achieve sustainable development.
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