Iraqi-iranian Relations Under U.S. Energy Influence
Abstract
The Iraqi government faces increasing pressure from political forces and opposing factions as it attempts to strike a delicate balance between its relations with Washington and Tehran. This has made Iraqi politics—despite the diversity of factions and divisions—a strategic battleground for regional interests. These complex dynamics have contributed to a state of political and economic confusion within Iraq. Iraq heavily relies on importing Iranian gas to operate power plants, especially in central and southern regions, where Iranian gas imports cover approximately 40% of the country's energy needs. With the U.S. President signing a presidential memorandum in February 2025 aimed at reducing Iranian oil and gas exports to zero, Iraq faces the threat of an electricity sector collapse, especially with the summer season approaching and the increasing demand for energy.
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